SEM — Untreated P. aeruginosa PA14 cells completing division (field-emission SEM, control sample). Adapted from Sung K et al. (2025), Nanomaterials 15:1404, Fig. 2E. Source · CC BY 4.0 · Cropped to panel E; converted to WebP

Electrogen · Denitrifier · Contaminant pathogen

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14

Pseudomonadota · Gammaproteobacteria · Pseudomonadaceae

ElectroactiveEET outwardBSL-2Partial record
  • Phenazine producer
  • Pathogen
  • Shuttle mediated
  • Tier 2
Outward
Electron transfer
electroactive
37°C
Optimal temperature
grows 20–42 °C
7
Optimal pH
grows pH 6–8

01 · Identity

Identity

Where this organism sits in the tree of life, how to obtain it, and what a cell looks like.

Lineage

  1. domainBacteria
  2. ›phylumPseudomonadota
  3. ›classGammaproteobacteria
  4. ›orderPseudomonadales
  5. ›familyPseudomonadaceae
  6. ›genusPseudomonas
  7. ›speciesPseudomonas aeruginosa PA14

Culture collections & accessions

NCBI taxon
208963
Genome
GCF_000014625.1

Cell morphology

Rod, Gram-negative (diderm)

  • Motile: yes
  • Spore-forming: no

02 · Electron transfer

Electron transfer

How electrons cross the cell envelope — the property that makes a microbe useful in an electrochemical system.

ElectroactiveEET outward
CELLELECTRODESOLUBLE SHUTTLESpyocyaninphenazine-1…phenazine-1…e⁻
Electrons flow outward: cell → electrode (exoelectrogen)

Mechanisms

  • Outer-membrane cytochromes: no
  • Conductive pili / nanowires: no
  • Endogenous shuttles: yes

03 · Growth envelope

Growth envelope

The conditions this organism tolerates and what it eats and breathes — the operating window for a reactor.

MesophileFacultative anaerobeChemoorganoheterotroph
Temperature37 (20–42) °C
0100 °C
pH7 (6–8)
014

Energy metabolism

Electron donors

  • Glucose
  • Acetate

Electron acceptors

  • O2
  • Nitrate
  • Anode

Carbon sources

  • Glucose
  • Acetate
  • Succinate
  • Glycerol
  • amino acids
  • Respiratory: yes

04 · Growth & electron-transfer kinetics

Growth & electron-transfer kinetics

How fast this organism grows and how hard it pushes electrons into an anode, as the corpus reports it, and what those constants imply when you run them.

Kinetic evidence

ParameterMedian10–90 %nSource
Max. specific growth rate μmax0.6 h⁻¹0.3–1.24genus prior · 2 refs
Half-saturation constant Ks40 mg/L10–1502genus prior · 2 refs
Biomass yield Y0.4 g/g0.2–0.553genus prior · 2 refs
Decay coefficient kdNot in the corpus yet
Exchange current density i₀Not in the corpus yet
Transfer coefficient αNot in the corpus yet
Tafel slopeNot in the corpus yet

Median of the extracted values, the 10–90 % spread behind it and how many values it pools.

Evidence rows (0)

Genus-level prior: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A genus-level prior is a summary for the whole genus, not a measurement on this strain.

Constants that drive the simulation

Scenario — values you set, not evidence

Initial substrate1000 mg/L
Anode potential vs SHE0 V
Duration72 h
Initial attached biomass0.1 g/m²
Anode area per liquid volume100 m²/m³
Reactor mode

Growth simulation

Scenario: Initial substrate 1000 mg/L · Initial attached biomass 0.1 g/m² · Anode area per liquid volume 100 m²/m³ · Duration 72 h · Batch. Values you set, not evidence.

4.1g/m²
Peak biomass
6.45h
Time to 90 % substrate removal
Attached biomassg/m²
02460204060h
Bulk substratemg/L
050010000204060h

No current model

The current needs Max. current density jmax, Half-saturation potential E_KA, which this source does not have.

  • Substrate-saturated growth
  • Slowing
  • Stationary

Monod growth has no lag phase; the bands mark where the net growth rate is near its maximum, falling, near zero or negative.

Simulator notes
  • decayPerH absent: no endogenous decay term, so growth is an upper bound
  • biofilmDensityKgPerM3 absent: thickness not computed (thicknessUm = null)
  • no anodePotentialVvsShe / overpotentialV given: current not computed (currentDensityAPerM2 = null)
  • substrate floored at 0 on 1 step(s): reduce dtH for a finer exhaustion front

These curves are a Monod and Nernst-Monod idealisation (after Marcus et al. 2007 and Torres et al. 2008), parameterised only by the constants listed above: each one carries its n and its 10–90 % range, and a constant with n = 1 has no spread at all. No diffusion inside the biofilm, no detachment, no coulombic-efficiency split. The scenario values are yours, not evidence.

05 · Performance

Performance

Reported electrochemical output, the role it plays in a reactor, and what it produces.

Moderate electrogen
200mW/m²
Max power density
range 50–800 · per projected anode area

Role in a reactor

Anode: supporting anode biofilm

06 · Ecology & biofilm

Ecology & biofilm

How it lives on an electrode, who it partners with, and where it is found in nature.

Biofilm

  • Forms biofilm: yes

Preferred electrode materials

  • carbon cloth
  • Graphite
Quorum sensing molecules
  • 3-oxo-C12-HSL
  • C4-HSL
  • PQS

Ecosystems

  • Host associated
  • Soil
  • Freshwater

Isolation sources

  • clinical burn wound
  • Soil
  • Water

07 · Applications, engineering & safety

Applications, engineering & safety

Where it has been put to work, how tractable it is to engineer, and what handling it requires.

Applications (2)

  • Bioelectricity generation
    TRL 3/9
  • Biosensor
    TRL 3/9

Engineering

Engineered strains publishedIndustrial relevance 2/5

Reactor compatibility

  • MFC single chamber
  • MFC dual chamber

Genetics

  • Genetically tractable: yes

Key EET genes

  • phzA-G
  • phzM
  • phzS

qPCR targets

  • phzM
  • phzS

Biosafety

BSL-2
  • Pathogen: yes
  • Carries concerning ARGs: yes

Opportunistic human pathogen; major nosocomial concern. Use BSL-2 containment.

Modeling assets

Linked GEM: iJN1463

08 · Sources & data quality

Sources & data quality

Every value above traces to a citation. This is how complete and how confident the record is.

Record quality

PartialMedium confidenceCurated: manual

Literature reviewed 2026-04-26 · schema v1.2.0 · updated 2026-04-28 · imported 2026-04-28

References (1)

  1. Rabaey K, et al. (2005). Microbial phenazine production enhances electron transfer. Environ Sci Technol 39:3401-3408.doi:10.1021/es048563o